1 product information cml semiconductor products fx002 features up to 8.5db signal-to-noise improvement input frequency range: 17hz to 13khz [sub-audio and audio frequencies] low-voltage operation: 2.5 volts 10mvrms minimum signal input digital output signal (f in x 4) divided-down clock outputs applications radio communications and paging systems tone detection sonar detection and analysis slow data-rate communications medical equipment interference investigation brief description the fx002 is a single-chip device to extract single periodic signals from very high random-noise environments. using patented autocorrelation techniques the fx002 will enhance the input signal's signal-to-noise ratio by as much as 8.5db and provide a digital output signal centred at four times (x4) the input frequency. the amplitude of non-periodic components of the signal is substantially reduced. the patented autocorrelator compares the incoming signal to itself; the more elements of the waveform that are seen as periodic, the higher the energy at the microcircuit output. the fx002 cascades two autocorrelators, each one improving the signal-to-noise ratio. signal to noise enhancer publication d/002/2 july 1994 fx002 fig.1 functional block diagram signal in signal bias autocorrelation process output [4 x signal in] xtal/clock clocks xtal v dd v ss xtal/clock generator/ divider - + delay 48-bit compare logic delay 48-bit interpolate interpolate output logic delay 24-bit compare logic delay 24-bit clock 6 output clock 24 output with a random noise input the output will swing rail-to-rail at random (peak-limited). the input/output signal delay is fixed by the choice of clock frequency and the length of the internal register. the fx002 will operate at supply voltages of between 2.5 volts and 5.5 volts and with xtal/clock frequencies from 20khz to 2.5mhz. using various xtal/clock inputs the device can be set to accept input signal frequencies, in bands, from 17.0hz to 13.0khz. two uncommited clock outputs are available to supply 'divided-down' xtal/clock frequencies for use in external and peripheral functions. this low-power signal processing device is available in 16-pin cerdip dual-in-line (dil) and plastic small outline (s.o.i.c.) surface mount packages.
2 FX002DW 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 11 13 16 2, 7, 10, 12, 14, 15 fx002j 1 3 4 5 6 7 9 11 13 16 2, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15 pin number function signal in: the inverting input to the analogue amplifier/comparator. used with the signal bias pin; external coupling components are required (see figure 2). signal bias: the output of the analogue amplifier/comparator. do not load this pin with peripheral circuitry; there is no drive capacity for off-chip signalling. the feedback resistor should be not less than 200k w . see figure 2. v dd : positive supply rail. a single, stable power supply is required. note that this device has two v dd pins; this input is positioned to prevent cross-talk, either or both may be connected to the host circuit's supply line. do not attempt to draw current from either v dd pin. clock/24: a squarewave output clock signal at the rate of xtal/clock / 24 ; provided for peripheral and test purposes. xtal: the output of the on-chip clock oscillator inverter. xtal/clock: the input to the on-chip clock oscillator inverter; this may be a xtal, resonator or clock pulse input. the selection of this frequency will affect the operational input signal bandwidth (and output frequency) of this device; refer to table 2. note that the choice of v dd will determine the maximum xtal/clock frequency and hence the maximum useable signal input frequency. operation of any cml microcircuit without an active xtal or clock input may cause device damage. a clock pulse input is fed directly into this pin; xtal/clock components are not required. table 1 provides a guide to maximum usable xtal/clock frequencies at pre-determined v dd values. v dd (v) max. xtal/clock freq. (mhz) 2.5 0.625 table 1 3.0 1.0 5.0 2.5 v ss : negative supply rail (gnd). clock/6: a squarewave output clock signal at the rate of xtal/clock / 6 ; provided for peripheral and test purposes. output: (f out = 4 x f signal in ). the auto-correlated output signal at four times (x 4) the input signal (see figure 4). there is a time delay between input and output signals (see specifications). v dd : positive supply rail. a single, stable power supply is required. note that this device has two v dd pins; either or both may be connected to the host circuit's supply line. do not attempt to draw current from either v dd pin. the choice of v dd will determine the maximum xtal/clock frequency and hence the maximum useable signal input frequency (see figure 3). no internal connection. leave open-circuit.
3 application information external components 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 maximum input frequency (hz) minimum input frequency (hz) input signal bandwidth (hz) maximum clock limit at v dd =2.5v maximum clock limit at v dd =3.0v for v dd =5.0v input signal frequency (hz) xtal/clock frequency (khz) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 minimum input frequency = xtal/clock frequency (hz) 1200 maximum input frequency = xtal/clock frequency (hz) 190 fig.3 examples of input signal ranges vs xtal/clock frequency component value for v dd = 5.0v r 1 2.2m w r 2 1.0m w c 1 0.01f c 2 47.0pf -see below c 3 47.0pf -see below c 4 5 - 65pf -see below c 5 1.0f x 1 560khz resonator x 1 range 20khz to 2.5mhz table 3 recommended external components xtal/clock input freq. (hz) freq. (khz) min max bw (hz) 20 17 105 88 100 88 526 443 200 166 1052 886 300 250 1579 1329 400 333 2105 1772 500 416 2632 2216 560 467 2947 2480 600 500 3158 2658 700 583 3684 3101 800 667 4210 3543 900 750 4737 3987 1000 833 5263 4430 2000 1667 10526 8859 2500 2083 13157 11074 table 2 input signal ranges vs xtal/clock frequency xtal/clock components c 4 is suggested for frequency setting when using a resonator; when a xtal is used c 4 is omitted. values of capacitors c 2 and c 3 should be reduced for higher xtal frequencies and/or lower supply voltages (v dd ). v dd v ss v dd v dd c 5 r 1 c 1 v ss v ss 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 signal in xtal/clock signal input output (f = 4 x signal in) x x x x x x signal bias clock output 6 fx002j xtal xtal/clock 6 7 v ss c 3 c 2 c 4 x 1 r 2 xtal xtal/clock output 4 fig.2 recommended external components
4 f signal in f out =4xf signal in signal out frequency level signal in application information ...... fig.4 example fx002 input/output relationships the diagrams in figure 4 are example spectrums of the input and output signal conditions of the fx002. note that the frequency of the output signal is four times (x4) that of the input signal. effective output signal-to-noise ratio (db) input signal = 2.7khz 20mvrms xtal/clock frequency 500khz v dd =5.0v input signal-to-noise ratio (db) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 fig.5 enhancement of signal-to-noise ratio the graph shown in figure 5 illustrates the signal-to-noise enhancement that can be obtained, under varying input conditions, from the fx002.
5 specification absolute maximum ratings exceeding the maximum rating can result in device damage. operation of the device outside the operating limits is not implied. supply voltage -0.3 to 7.0v input voltage at any pin (ref v ss = 0v) -0.3 to (v dd + 0.3v) sink/source current (supply pins) +/- 30ma (other pins) +/- 20ma total device dissipation @ t amb 25c 800mw max. derating 10mw/c operating temperature range: FX002DW -40c to +85c fx002j -40c to +85c storage temperature range: FX002DW -40c to +85c fx002j -55c to +125c operating limits correct operation of the device outside these limits is not implied. remarks min. max. unit supply voltage (v dd ) note 1 2.5 5.5 v operating temperature -40.0 +85.0 c xtal/clock frequency (v dd = 2.5v) 20.0 625 khz (v dd = 5.0v) 0.02 2.5 mhz operating characteristics all device characteristics are measured under the following conditions unless otherwise specified: v dd = 5.0v, t amb = 25c. xtal/clock frequency = 560khz. input test signal = 1.0khz at 200mvrms. characteristics see note min. typ. max. unit static values supply current (i dd ) - 1.0 2.5 ma 2 - 4.0 - ma output logic 1 80% - - v dd output logic 0 - - 20% v dd digital output impedance - 4.0 10.0 k w dynamic values signal input levels 3 10.0 20.0 1000 mvrms analogue (input) amplifier gain 4 20.0 - - db 5 9.0 - - db 6 10.0 - - db recommended input signal mark-to-space ratio 35.0 - - % freq. in/freq. out ratio 4.0 4.0 maximum xtal/clock frequency 1 2.5 - - mhz minimum xtal/clock frequency - - 20.0 khz frequency input range (xtal/clock = 560khz) 500 - 3000 hz (table 2) 7 1/1200 1/190 xtal/clock input to output delay 8 - 1.4 - ms output resolution - 1/6 - xtal/clock notes 1. maximum xtal/clock frquency allowed varies with applied supply voltage (v dd ). 2. i dd requirement for xtal/clock frequency of 2.24mhz. 3. signal input level required to provide a constant autocorrelated output. 4. measured with a 6.0khz sinewave at the signal input. 5. measured with v dd = 2.5 volts. 6. measured with a 12khz input signal. 7. recommended input signal frequency range to correlation circuits. 8. input (signal in) to output (output) time with a 2.24mhz xtal/clock input.
6 handling precautions the fx002 is a cmos lsi circuit which includes input protection. however precautions should be taken to prevent static discharges which may cause damage. cml does not assume any responsibility for the use of any circuitry described. no circuit patent licences are implied and cml reserves the right at any time without notice to change the said circuitry. package outlines the fx002 is available in the package styles outlined below. mechanical package diagrams and specifications are detailed in section 10 of this document. pin 1 identification marking is shown on the relevant diagram and pins on all package styles number anti-clockwise when viewed from the top. not to scale max. body length 19.48mm max. body width 7.39mm not to scale max. body length 10.49mm max. body width 7.59mm fx002j 16-pin cerdip dil (j2) FX002DW 16-pin plastic s.o.i.c. (d4) ordering information FX002DW 16-pin plastic s.o.i.c. (d4) fx002j 16-pin cerdip dil (j2)
cml product data in the process of creating a more global image, the three standard product semiconductor companies of cml microsystems plc (consumer microcircuits limited (uk), mx-com, inc (usa) and cml microcircuits (singapore) pte ltd) have undergone name changes and, whilst maintaining their separate new names (cml microcircuits (uk) ltd, cml microcircuits (usa) inc and cml microcircuits (singapore) pte ltd ), now operate under the single title cml micro- circuits . these companies are all 100% owned operating companies of the cml microsystems plc group and these changes are purely changes of name and do not change any underlying legal entities and hence will have no effect on any agreements or contacts currently in force. cml microcircuits product prefix codes until the latter part of 1996, the differentiator between products manufactured and sold from mxcom, inc. and consumer microcircuits limited were denoted by the prefixes mx and fx respectively. these products use the same silicon etc. and today still carry the same prefixes. in the latter part of 1996, both companies adopted the common prefix: cmx. this notification is relevant product information to which it is attached. company contact information is as below: cml microcircuits (uk)ltd communication semiconductors cml microcircuits communication semiconductors cml microcircuits (singapore)pteltd communication semiconductors cml microcircuits (usa) inc. communication semiconductors oval park, langford, maldon, essex, cm9 6wg, england tel: +44 (0)1621 875500 fax: +44 (0)1621 875600 uk.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com 4800 bethania station road, winston-salem, nc 27105, usa tel: +1 336 744 5050, 0800 638 5577 fax: +1 336 744 5054 us.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com no 2 kallang pudding road, 09-05/ 06 mactech industrial building, singapore 349307 tel: +65 7450426 fax: +65 7452917 sg.sales@cmlmicro.com www.cmlmicro.com d/cml (d)/1 february 2002
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